Legal Responsibility In The Protection Of Customers' Personal Data By Sharia Financial Institutions
Keywords:
personal data, supervision, Islamic banking, independent authority, legal systemAbstract
The rapid development of digital technology in the banking sector has increased the vulnerability of customers’ personal data, including in Islamic financial institutions. Although Indonesia has established legal frameworks through the Personal Data Protection Law and the Islamic Banking Law, the implementation of supervision over personal data protection obligations still faces significant challenges. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of personal data supervision in Islamic financial institutions by applying Lawrence M. Friedman’s legal system theory and to analyze the urgency of establishing an independent supervisory body. This research employs a qualitative method with a normative-juridical approach based on the analysis of statutory regulations, legal literature, and relevant doctrines. The findings indicate that the supervision of personal data protection has not been fully effective due to weak integration between legal substance, institutional structure, and legal culture. Moreover, the absence of a dedicated independent supervisory authority results in limited enforcement and legal certainty for customers. Therefore, strengthening supervisory regulations and establishing an independent oversight institution are necessary to ensure optimal and sustainable protection of personal data in Islamic banking.
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